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Deploy Grafana using Helm Charts

This topic includes instructions for installing and running Grafana on Kubernetes using Helm Charts.

Helm is an open-source command line tool used for managing Kubernetes applications. It is a graduate project in the CNCF Landscape.

Watch this video to learn more about installing Grafana using Helm Charts:

Before you begin

To install Grafana using Helm, ensure you have completed the following:

• Install a Kubernetes server on your machine. For information about installing Kubernetes, refer to Install Kubernetes.
• Install the latest stable version of Helm. For information on installing Helm, refer to Install Helm.

Install Grafana using Helm

When you install Grafana using Helm, you complete the following tasks:

1. Set up the Grafana Helm repository, which provides a space in which you will install Grafana.

2. Deploy Grafana using Helm, which installs Grafana into a namespace.

3. Accessing Grafana, which provides steps to sign into Grafana.

Set up the Grafana Helm repository

To set up the Grafana Helm repository so that you download the correct Grafana Helm charts on your machine, complete the following steps:

1. To add the Grafana repository, use the following command syntax:

   helm repo add <DESIRED-NAME> <HELM-REPO-URL>

   The following example adds the grafana Helm repository.

   bash Copy

   helm repo add grafana https://grafana.github.io/helm-charts

2. Run the following command to verify the repository was added:

   bash Copy

   helm repo list

   After you add the repository, you should see an output similar to the following:

   bash Copy

   NAME    URL
   grafana https://grafana.github.io/helm-charts

3. Run the following command to update the repository to download the latest Grafana Helm charts:

   bash Copy

   helm repo update

Deploy the Grafana Helm charts

After you have set up the Grafana Helm repository, you can start to deploy it on your Kubernetes cluster.

When you deploy Grafana Helm charts, use a separate namespace instead of relying on the default namespace. The default namespace might already have other applications running, which can lead to conflicts and other potential issues.

When you create a new namespace in Kubernetes, you can better organize, allocate, and manage cluster resources. For more information, refer to Namespaces.

1. To create a namespace, run the following command:

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   kubectl create namespace monitoring

   You will see an output similar to this, which means that the namespace has been successfully created:

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   namespace/monitoring created

2. Search for the official grafana/grafana repository using the command:

   helm search repo <repo-name/package-name>

   For example, the following command provides a list of the Grafana Helm Charts from which you will install the latest version of the Grafana chart.

   bash Copy

   helm search repo grafana/grafana

3. Run the following command to deploy the Grafana Helm Chart inside your namespace.

   bash Copy

   helm install my-grafana grafana/grafana --namespace monitoring

   Where:

   • helm install: Installs the chart by deploying it on the Kubernetes cluster
   • my-grafana: The logical chart name that you provided
   • grafana/grafana: The repository and package name to install
   • --namespace: The Kubernetes namespace (i.e. monitoring) where you want to deploy the chart

4. To verify the deployment status, run the following command and verify that deployed appears in the STATUS column:

   bash Copy

   helm list -n monitoring

   You should see an output similar to the following:

   bash Copy

   NAME            NAMESPACE       REVISION        UPDATED                                 STATUS          CHART          APP VERSION
   my-grafana      monitoring      1               2024-01-13 23:06:42.737989554 +0000 UTC deployed        grafana-6.59.0 10.1.0

5. To check the overall status of all the objects in the namespace, run the following command:

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   kubectl get all -n monitoring

   If you encounter errors or warnings in the STATUS column, check the logs and refer to the Troubleshooting section of this documentation.

Access Grafana

This section describes the steps you must complete to access Grafana via web browser.

1. Run the following helm get notes command:

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   helm get notes my-grafana -n monitoring

   This command will print out the chart notes. You will the output NOTES that provide the complete instructions about:

   • How to decode the login password for the Grafana admin account
   • Access Grafana service to the web browser

2. To get the Grafana admin password, run the command as follows:

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   kubectl get secret --namespace monitoring my-grafana -o jsonpath="{.data.admin-password}" | base64 --decode ; echo

   It will give you a decoded base64 string output which is the password for the admin account.

3. Save the decoded password to a file on your machine.

4. To access Grafana service on the web browser, run the following command:

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   export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace monitoring -l "app.kubernetes.io/name=grafana,app.kubernetes.io/instance=my-grafana" -o jsonpath="{.items[0].metadata.name}")

   The above command will export a shell variable named POD_NAME that will save the complete name of the pod which got deployed.

5. Run the following port forwarding command to direct the Grafana pod to listen to port 3000:

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   kubectl --namespace monitoring port-forward $POD_NAME 3000

   For more information about port-forwarding, refer to Use Port Forwarding to Access Applications in a Cluster.

6. Navigate to 127.0.0.1:3000 in your browser.

7. The Grafana sign-in page appears.

8. To sign in, enter admin for the username.

9. For the password paste it which you have saved to a file after decoding it earlier.

Customize Grafana default configuration

Helm is a popular package manager for Kubernetes. It bundles Kubernetes resource manifests to be re-used across different environments. These manifests are written in a templating language, allowing you to provide configuration values via values.yaml file, or in-line using Helm, to replace the placeholders in the manifest where these configurations should reside.

The values.yaml file allows you to customize the chart’s configuration by specifying values for various parameters such as image versions, resource limits, service configurations, etc.

By modifying the values in the values.yaml file, you can tailor the deployment of a Helm chart to your specific requirements by using the helm install or upgrade commands. For more information about configuring Helm, refer to Values Files.

Download the values.yaml file

In order to make any configuration changes, download the values.yaml file from the Grafana Helm Charts repository:

https://github.com/grafana/helm-charts/blob/main/charts/grafana/values.yaml

Enable persistent storage (recommended)

By default, persistent storage is disabled, which means that Grafana uses ephemeral storage, and all data will be stored within the container’s file system. This data will be lost if the container is stopped, restarted, or if the container crashes.

It is highly recommended that you enable persistent storage in Grafana Helm charts if you want to ensure that your data persists and is not lost in case of container restarts or failures.

Enabling persistent storage in Grafana Helm charts ensures a reliable solution for running Grafana in production environments.

To enable the persistent storage in the Grafana Helm charts, complete the following steps:

1. Open the values.yaml file in your favorite editor.

2. Edit the values and under the section of persistence, change the enable flag from false to true

   yaml Copy

   .......
   ............
   ......
   persistence:
   type: pvc
   enabled: true
   # storageClassName: default
   .......
   ............
   ......

3. Run the following helm upgrade command by specifying the values.yaml file to make the changes take effect:

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   helm upgrade my-grafana grafana/grafana -f values.yaml -n monitoring

The PVC will now store all your data such as dashboards, data sources, and so on.

Install plugins (e.g. Zabbix app, Clock panel, etc.)

You can install plugins in Grafana from the official and community plugins page. These plugins allow you to add new visualization types, data sources, and applications to help you better visualize your data.

Grafana currently supports three types of plugins: panel, data source, and app. For more information on managing plugins, refer to Plugin Management.

To install plugins in the Grafana Helm Charts, complete the following steps:

1. Open the values.yaml file in your favorite editor.

2. Find the line that says plugins: and under that section, define the plugins that you want to install.

   yaml Copy

   .......
   ............
   ......
   plugins:
   # here we are installing two plugins, make sure to keep the indentation correct as written here.
   
   - alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app
   - grafana-clock-panel
   .......
   ............
   ......

3. Save the changes and use the helm upgrade command to get these plugins installed:

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   helm upgrade my-grafana grafana/grafana -f values.yaml -n monitoring

4. Navigate to 127.0.0.1:3000 in your browser.

5. Login with admin credentials when the Grafana sign-in page appears.

6. Navigate to UI -> Administration -> Plugins

7. Search for the above plugins and they should be marked as installed.

Configure a Private CA (Certificate Authority)

In many enterprise networks, TLS certificates are issued by a private certificate authority and are not trusted by default (using the provided OS trust chain).

If your Grafana instance needs to interact with services exposing certificates issued by these private CAs, then you need to ensure Grafana trusts the root certificate.

You might need to configure this if you:

• have plugins that require connectivity to other self hosted systems. For example, if you’ve installed the Grafana Enterprise Metrics, Logs, or Traces (GEM, GEL, GET) plugins, and your GEM (or GEL/GET) cluster is using a private certificate.
• want to connect to data sources which are listening on HTTPS with a private certificate.
• are using a backend database for persistence, or caching service that uses private certificates for encryption in transit.

In some cases you can specify a self-signed certificate within Grafana (such as in some data sources), or choose to skip TLS certificate validation (this is not recommended unless absolutely necessary).

A simple solution which should work across your entire instance (plugins, data sources, and backend connections) is to add your self-signed CA certificate to your Kubernetes deployment.

1. Create a ConfigMap containing the certificate, and deploy it to your Kubernetes cluster

   yaml Copy

   # grafana-ca-configmap.yaml
   ---
   apiVersion: v1
   kind: ConfigMap
   metadata:
     name: grafana-ca-cert
   data:
     ca.pem: |
       -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
       (rest of the CA cert)
       -----END CERTIFICATE-----

   bash Copy

   kubectl apply --filename grafana-ca-configmap.yaml --namespace monitoring

2. Open the Helm values.yaml file in your favorite editor.

3. Find the line that says extraConfigmapMounts: and under that section, specify the additional ConfigMap that you want to mount.

   yaml Copy

   .......
   ............
   ......
   extraConfigmapMounts:
      - name: ca-certs-configmap
        mountPath: /etc/ssl/certs/ca.pem
        subPath: ca.pem
        configMap: grafana-ca-cert
        readOnly: true
   .......
   ............
   ......

4. Save the changes and use the helm upgrade command to update your Grafana deployment and mount the new ConfigMap:

   bash Copy

   helm upgrade my-grafana grafana/grafana --values values.yaml --namespace monitoring

Troubleshooting

This section includes troubleshooting tips you might find helpful when deploying Grafana on Kubernetes via Helm.

Collect logs

It is important to view the Grafana server logs while troubleshooting any issues.

To check the Grafana logs, run the following command:

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# dump Pod logs for a Deployment (single-container case)

kubectl logs --namespace=monitoring deploy/my-grafana

If you have multiple containers running in the deployment, run the following command to obtain the logs only for the Grafana deployment:

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# dump Pod logs for a Deployment (multi-container case)

kubectl logs --namespace=monitoring deploy/grafana -c my-grafana

For more information about accessing Kubernetes application logs, refer to Pods and Deployments.

Increase log levels

By default, the Grafana log level is set to info, but you can increase it to debug mode to fetch information needed to diagnose and troubleshoot a problem. For more information about Grafana log levels, refer to Configuring logs.

To increase log level to debug mode, use the following steps:

1. Open the values.yaml file in your favorite editor and search for the string grafana.ini and there you will find a section about log mode.

2. Add level: debug just below the line mode: console

   yaml Copy

   # This is the values.yaml file
      .....
   .......
   ....
   grafana.ini:
   paths:
      data: /var/lib/grafana/
      .....
   .......
   ....
      mode: console
      level: debug

   Make sure to keep the indentation level the same otherwise it will not work.

3. Now to apply this, run the helm upgrade command as follows:

   bash Copy

   helm upgrade my-grafana grafana/grafana -f values.yaml -n monitoring

4. To verify it, access the Grafana UI in the browser using the provided IP:Port. The Grafana sign-in page appears.

5. To sign in to Grafana, enter admin for the username and paste the password which was decoded earlier. Navigate to Server Admin > Settings and then search for log. You should see the level to debug mode.

Reset Grafana admin secrets (login credentials)

By default the login credentials for the super admin account are generated via secrets. However, this can be changed easily. To achieve this, use the following steps:

1. Edit the values.yaml file and search for the string adminPassword. There you can define a new password:

   yaml Copy

   # Administrator credentials when not using an existing secret (see below)
   adminUser: admin
   adminPassword: admin

2. Then use the helm upgrade command as follows:

   bash Copy

   helm upgrade my-grafana grafana/grafana -f values.yaml -n monitoring

   This command will now make your super admin login credentials as admin for both username and password.

3. To verify it, sign in to Grafana, enter admin for both username and password. You should be able to login as super admin.

Uninstall the Grafana deployment

To uninstall the Grafana deployment, run the command:

helm uninstall <RELEASE-NAME> <NAMESPACE-NAME>

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helm uninstall my-grafana -n monitoring

This deletes all of the objects from the given namespace monitoring.

If you want to delete the namespace monitoring, then run the command:

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kubectl delete namespace monitoring